Rigid Point-Surface Registration using Oriented Points and an EM Variant of ICP for Computer Guided Oral Implantology
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چکیده
We investigate in this research report the rigid registration of a set of points with a surface for computer-guided oral implants surgery. We rst formulate the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm as a Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation of the transformation and the matches. Then, considering matches as a hidden random variable, we show that the ML estimation of the transformation alone leads to a criterion eeciently solved using an Expectation-Maximisation (EM) algorithm. This algorithm implies a new parameter, based on the standard-deviation of the noise on points position. We demonstrate that, for small values, the algorithm behaves like the accurate ICP, while, for high values, the algorithm robustly aligns the barycenter and inertia moments. Finaly, this parameter is decreased using an annealing scheme, which can be seen as a kind of multi-scale scheme. We present besides an eecient way to use oriented points-like surface points with their normals-instead of points with ICP and EM algorithms. The experimental section provides evidences that the EM algorithm is far more robust and more accurate than ICP and reaches a global accuracy of 0.2 mm with computation times compatible with a per-operative system. Another important property is that the criterion analysis enables an easy distinction between correct results and false postives. Recalage rigide points orientts-surface : une variante de l'ICP fondde sur l'EM appliquue l'implantologie dentaire robotisse RRsumm : Nous tudions ici le recalage rigide entre un nuage de points et une surface et l'appliquons dans le cadre d'un systtme de guidage per-opratoire pour l'implantologie dentaire. Nous montrons tout d'abord que l'algorithme ICP (Iterative Closest Point) peut-tre considdrr comme une Maximisation de la Vraisemblance (ML) de la transformation et des appariements. Nous appliquons alors les principes de l'algorithme EM (Expectation-Maximisation) en considdrant les appariements comme une variable cachhe. L'algorithme ainsi introduit fait appel un nouveau parammtre bass sur la variance du bruit. On ddmontre que l'algorithme se comporte comme le prrcis ICP lorsque ce para-mmtre est sous-estimm, et rraligne de faaon robuste barycentres et tenseurs d'inertie lorsque ce parammtre est sur-estimm. Cette propriitt remarquable sugggre d'utiliser une approche multi-chelle, en l'occurrence de diminuer le parammtre en utilisant un recuit simull. Nous prrsentons aussi une maniire eecace d'utiliser les points orientts-comme les points d'une surface et leurs normales-avec l'ICP et l'EM. Les expriences montrent que ce nouvel algorithme est plus prrcis et surtout beaucoup plus robuste que l'ICP. Sur nos donnnes, la prrcision globale est …
منابع مشابه
Rigid Point-Surface Registration Using an EM Variant of ICP for Computer Guided Oral Implantology
We investigate the rigid registration of a set of points onto a surface for computer-guided oral implants surgery. We first formulate the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm as a Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation of the transformation and the matches. Then, considering matches as a hidden random variable, we show that the ML estimation of the transformation alone leads to a criterion effic...
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تاریخ انتشار 2001